Single axis tracker normally tilted to optimum angle in North-South direction for maximum harvest. The single axis tracker generally can increase additional daily production up to 25-30% compared to fixed tilt angle array. It tilts solar panels to face East when sunrise, top at noon and West when sunset. Single axis tracker can rotate panels in one degree of rotation which normally applied to East to West direction.
The largest angle difference between the sun direction relative to Solar Array happens during Dusk and Dawn, thus has highest power conversion lost. Assuming the Solar Array is facing at Optimum Angle, which the tile angle is equivalent to Latitude Angle of the site, From the Sun Path we can see, due to fixed location, the Solar Array facing is symbolized by a center Red Dot. It has the largest conversion losses due to large angle difference between Solar Array facing and sun Direction. This is another fun project to do any it is something more special compare to regular sensor-based solar trackers.įixed Tilted Angle Solar Array is without moving parts. It requires to communicate with Blynk Server to get the Time parameter input. However, we need the internet to work all the time. The advantage of using this method is simplicity with minimum wiring of installation (because without sensors). With the help of Blynk App, we can let the micro-controller knows what time is your local time so that it superimpose with the Sun Path Database that is stored inside the micro-controller (NodeMCU). It is a method that do not require Photo Sensors but only requires your local time to track the sun. Today’s blog is talking about the local time based Astrological method. Solar tracker with light sensor is more common available in the market as it does not requires sophisticate control unit and settings. Real time light intensity has a light sensor device attached at the side of the tracker to trace the sun direction using intensity differences concept.Īstronomical calculation is another technology using GPS coordinate and local time based on the site location to superimpose into the sun path algorithm thus purely using mathematics calculation without physical sensor. The solar tracker consists of two technologies: real time light intensity sensor or use astronomical calculation. It consists of a tracking algorithm (programming or mathematical coding in micro-controller), Control Unit (micro-controller), positioning system (the method – electrical / hydraulic / compressed gas), the driving mechanism (linear actuator / stepper motor), sensors (photodiodes / GPS astronomical tracker), and Sensing device (pyranometer, anemometer, photo resistor). The tracker helps to minimize the angle of incidence between incoming light and the panel, thus increases the amount of daily energy.
The sun path diagram is a diagram describes the location of the sun and movement relative to latitude location.Ī Solar Tracking system rotates solar panels to face the sun all the time to increase power generation. To understand how the Sun moves, we need to understand the Sun path diagram. East -West sun angle movement is a daily basis thus affecting the total production more significantly compared to North-South deviation from optimum angle which is movement on yearly basis. It will have slight losses even fixed array facing the optimum angle. Secondly, due to the tilting of earth’s axis of rotation, the Sun also moves with variation ☒3.5° in North-South direction across equator throughout the whole year. The larger the angle difference between sunlight incidence and solar panels facing, the larger the losses based on cosine formula. Sun moves 15 degrees every hour from East to West across the equator. The electricity generated from fixed tilt angle solar array is less efficient throughout the day as the solar array is not facing the Sun directly (optimum angle) all the time.
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